Formation of a Mature Biofilm of Enterococcus Faecalis in Root Canal and Its Treatment Using Gold Nanorods
Published: 2022-03-26
Page: 31-43
Issue: 2022 - Volume 5 [Issue 1]
Vivian-María Galdámez-Falla
Doctorado en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Estomatología, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México.
Juan-Carlos Castillo-Martínez
Doctorado en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Estomatología, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México.
Idania de Alba-Montero
Facultad de Ciencias, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México.
Nuria Patiño-Marín
Facultad de Ciencias, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México.
Nereyda Niño-Martínez
Facultad de Ciencias, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México.
Facundo Ruiz
Facultad de Ciencias, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México.
Gabriel-Alejandro Martínez-Castañón *
Doctorado en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Estomatología, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to develop a mature biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis in roots using two methods: a Modified Drip Flow Reactor (MDFR) and with Static Method. After this, we eliminated the formed biofilm with a gold nanorods solution and a gold nanorods hydrogel applying photothermal therapy.
Methodology: Different modifications were done to a commercial Drip Flow Reactor (DFR) to develop a mature biofilm of 5 and 10 days. The biofilm formed with the static method was for a time of 24 and 48 hours. The formed biofilm was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the disinfection process, a gold nanorods (AuNR´s) solution and nanorods hydrogel (Ch-AuNR´s) plus photothermal therapy (PPTT) was tested.
Results: At 10 days of inoculation a mature biofilm of E. faecalis was observed with total coverage of the examined surfaces. CFU were counted after the disinfection and a statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was found in the groups compared with the control group.
Conclusion: The proposed MDFR and a static method both can produce a mature biofilm in the root canal. Ch-AuNR´s and the solution with PPTT might be useful for root canal treatment as a coadjutant in treatment; however, it requires more research for it to be used in endodontic therapy.
Keywords: Biofilm, endodontics, Enterococcus faecalis, root canal, lasers, photothermal therapy, nanoparticles