Journal of Materials Science Research and Reviews

A Concise Review of Sorbent Materials for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage

Emmanuel Victor *

Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria.

Kalu Chukwuemeka

Petroleum Engineering Department, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Nigeria.

Oni Adeniji Blessing

Chemical Engineering Department, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

Igweonu Chibuzor Success

Petroleum Engineering Department, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Nigeria.

Okoye Chisom

Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Ekeoma Bernard Chukwuemeka

Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia and Centre for Contaminant Control and Utilization, Institute of Contaminant Management, Malaysia.

Nwachukwu Uchenna Christian

Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

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Abstract

The rise in Industrialization all over the world today has been matched with an equivalent rise in the amount of CO₂ being released to the atmosphere. The deleterious effect of CO₂ ranging from global warming, ocean acidification, sea-level rise, and climate change has inspired researchers to seek ways of ameliorating this negative effect and has led to extensive research on possible adsorbents for carbon dioxide capture. Currently, amine-based CO₂ capture processes are widely used in most process plants for capturing CO₂, however it is prone to so many disadvantages such as high energy cost for absorbent regeneration, corrosion, and loss of amine due to degradation and evaporation during the on-stream period which generates pollutants. This necessitates the need for more research into other possible efficient and less costly adsorption materials. This work takes a review on some of these other adsorbents that have being extensively studied such as metal salts, metal oxides, hydrotalcites, double salts, carbon, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, carbon nanotubes and mesoporous silica. Parameters noted for these materials are CO₂ adsorption capacity, selectivity, thermal stability, chemical stability, and mechanical stability.

Keywords: CO2 capture processes, mechanical stability, thermal stability

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