Effect of Mg2+ and Li+ Concentration on Electrical Conductivity of Dimethyl Sulfoxide-Tetrahydrofuran Binary Mixture for Fabricating Mg and Li Based Energy Storage Devices
Published: 2023-02-10
Page: 60-69
Issue: 2023 - Volume 6 [Issue 1]
Echefu Maduabuchi Francis
Department of Chemical/Petroleum Technology, School of Science Laboratory and Technology, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Ibezim-Ezeani, Millicent Uzoamaka
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Obi Chidi *
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The effect of magnesium (II) and lithium (I) ions concentration on mixed electrolyte of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) for the electrical conductivity of magnesium and lithium cells were studied.
Methodology: The DMSO-THF system was evaluated quantitatively with respect to conductivity, resistivity, and cell voltage at varying percentages of 100, 70, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 0 and at 25, 40, 50, 60 and 70oC using conductivity meter except for the cell voltages which was measured at 25oC using a digital multimeter.
Results: The measured conductivities for the binary mixture showed higher values than the pure solvents. The mixing ratio of the DMSO-THF system for optimum battery performance with respect to resistivity, conductivity and electrochemical cell voltage was found to be between 50%-70% DMSO for Li+ ion concentration and 20%-70% DMSO for Mg2+ concentration. The result revealed greater tendency for redox reaction within the electrode-electrolyte region of Mg2+-DMSO-THF.
Conclusion: This research has provided a new set of data on the parameters measured for battery fabrication with Mg2+ performing relatively better than Li+ in the mixed systems.
Keywords: Electrolytes, cell voltage, thermodynamics, conductivity, mixing
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Jo NJ, Kim MK, Kang SW, Ryu KS. The influence of the cations of salts on the electrochemical stability of a solid polymer electrolyte based on segmented poly (ether urethane). Physica Scripta. 2010;(T139):014035.
Reddy TB. Linden’s Handbook of Batteries. McGraw-Hill Education; 2011.
Hao J, Wu X. Electrolytes for high-voltage lithium batteries. Trends in Chem. 2022;4(7):627-642.
Bumjun P, Jennifer LS. Review - Polymer electrolytes for magnesium batteries: Forging away from analogs of lithium polymer electrolytes and towards the rechargeable magnesium metal polymer battery. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2020;167:070545.
Henry Z, Lixin Q, Michel A. Organic electrolyte design for rechargeable batteries: From lithium to magnesium. Angewandte Chemie. 2022;134(52):14054.
Aurbach D, Weissman I, Gofer Y, Levi E. Nonaqueous magnesium electrochemistry and its application in secondary batteries. Chem. Rec. 2003;3(1):61-73.
Yuto Y, Teppei Y, Yuan J, Takashi T, Ken-ichi S, Masaaki S. Super Mg2+ conductivity around 10–3 S cm–1 observed in a porous metal-organic framework. J Amer. Chem. Soc. 2022; 144(19):8669-8675.
Ichitsubo T, Adachi T, Yagi S, Dci T. Potential positive electrodes for high-voltage magnesium-ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. 2011;21(32):11764-11772.
Nwokobia FU, Cookey GA, Abia AA. The effect of salt concentration on the conductivity and viscosity of binary mixed electrolyte solutions. J. Appl. Chem. 2015;8(2):35-41.
Sandip KS, Anthony WS. Ionic liquids synthesis and applications: An overview. J. Mol. Liq. 2020; 297:112038.
Shao Y, Liu T, Li G, et al. Coordination chemistry in magnesium battery electrolytes: how ligands affect their performance. Scient. Rep. 2013;3:3130.
Zhao C, Zhang G, Ge J, et al. Viscosities and conductivities of binary mixtures of 4- (Diethoxy phosphoryl) butyl Triphenyl phosphonium hexafluorophosphate with organic solvents. Chem. Select; 2019. DOI: 10.1002/SLCT.201803711
Wang J, Li Y, Wei N, Chen X, Zuo Y, Tong J. Physicochemical and excess properties of binary system mixtures of ether-functionalized ionic liquids with DMSO. J. Mol. Liq; 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119918
Wang S, Shi Y, Luo X, Song M, Ling B, Zhu X. Electrical conductivities of DBU-based ionic liquid in its binary solutions with nonaqueous molecular solvents. J. Sol. Chem. 2021;50:558-575.
Shi Y, Liu S, Wang S, Yu Y, Chen X, Zhu X. Thermodynamic properties of DBN-based ionic liquids and their binary mixtures with primary alcohols. J. Mol. Liq; 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121060
Kvakovszky G, McKim A, Moore JC. A review of microelectronic manufacturing applications using DMSO-based chemistries. ECS Trans. 2007;11(2):227.
Lucht BL, Collum DB. Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide: A view of lithium-ion solvation through a glass-bottom boat. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999;32(12):1035-1042.
Austin G, Paul-Orecchio JA, Weeks AD, Buddie MC. High-stability lithium metal batteries enabled by a tetrahydrofuran-based electrolyte mixture. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2022;5(8): 9437-9446.
Bharath R, Mahesh M, Beena R. Effect of salt concentration on properties of lithium-ion battery electrolytes: A molecular dynamics study. J. Phys. Chem. C. 2018;122(15):8173-8181.
Tobishima S, Arakawa M, Hirai T, Yamaki J. Ethylene carbonate-based Electrolytes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. J. Power Sources. 1989;26:449-454.
Matsuda Y, Morita M, Kosaka D. Conductivity of mixed organic electrolyte containing propylene carbonate and 1,2-dimethoxyethane. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1983;130:258-261.
Ibezim-Ezeani MU, Menegbo LI, Abia AA. Characteristic behavior of lithium and magnesium perchlorate salts in binary organic system followed conductometri-cally. Inter. J. Scient. Engr. Res. 2015; 5(3):13-16.
Anusiem ACI. Principles of General Chemistry. 1st Ed. Great Versatile Publishers: Owerri; 2000.
Uthirath P, Anand B, Tsafack Thierry; Patra Sudeshna, Thakur Pallavi, Chakingal Nithya, Saju K Sreehari, Baburaj Abhijit, Kato Keiko, Ganguli Babu, Narayanan Tharangattu N, Ajayan Pulickel M. Lithium, sodium and magnesium ion conduction in solid state mixed polymer electrolytes. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics; 2020. DOI: 10.1039/D0CP02609C