Journal of Materials Science Research and Reviews

Overview of the Skeleton Significance of Toothpaste Formulation, Evaluation and Historical Perspectives: Insights from Bangladesh’s Toothpaste Industry

Amit Kumar Sarkar

Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

Shanawaz Ahmed

Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

Sumaiya Islam Sadia

Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

Md. Mahmudul Kobir

Mohammed Al Khuraiji Industrial Company, 29, New Industrial Area, Riyadh-14334, Saudi Arabia.

Sumaya Tabassum

Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh and Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.

Md. Rockibul Islam

Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

Md. Ashraful Alam *

Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh and Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

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Abstract

Toothpaste plays an important role in maintaining and improving oral health and aesthetics. Over time, toothpaste recipes have evolved from simple suspensions of broken eggshells or ashes to complex formulations containing up to twenty different chemicals. Toothpaste is designed to combat various dental issues such as cavities, gum disease, bad breath, calculus, erosion and dentin hypersensitivity. It contains abrasives to clean and whiten teeth, flavours to freshen breath and dyes to improve its cosmetic appeal. The right toothpaste is formulated to maximize the bioavailability of its active ingredients. For instance, the permissible theoretical fluoride concentration range is between 850.0-1150.0 ppm. The most scientifically supported anti-plaque agent in toothpaste is Triclosan. Toothpaste must have a pH level between 05.50 and 10.50. Condensed phosphates are mainly used as chemical whitening agents in toothpaste. However, developing toothpaste is a complex process because numerous separate activities must come together in a single phase. Toothpaste development is still ongoing as there are several challenges including the low oral substantivity of most active ingredients which must be overcome. This present study states that a systematic review is a vital research piece that provides insights into the future of Bangladesh. This review conducts a thorough analysis of the country's potentials and opportunities, presenting a comprehensive understanding of its development. Using the toothpaste skeleton as a metaphor for the foundation of Bangladesh's growth, this overview examines its significance in detail.

Keywords: Aspartame, calcium oxide, fluoride, foaming power, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)

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